Its popularity would spawn the parody " Who Put the Bomp (in the Bomp, Bomp, Bomp)". Another subgenre, doo-wop, entered the pop charts in the 1950s. Rock and roll has also been seen as leading to a number of distinct subgenres, including rockabilly (see below) in the 1950s, combining rock and roll with "hillbilly" country music, which was usually played and recorded in the mid-1950s by white singers such as Carl Perkins, Jerry Lee Lewis, Buddy Holly and with the greatest commercial success, Elvis Presley. On the other side of the spectrum, R&B-influenced acts like The Crows, The Penguins, The El Dorados, and The Turbans all scored major hits, and groups like The Platters, with songs including " The Great Pretender" (1955), and The Coasters with humorous songs like " Yakety Yak" (1958), ranked among the most successful rock and roll acts of the period. Some commentators have perceived this as the decline of rock and roll citing the deaths of Buddy Holly, The Big Bopper and Ritchie Valens in a tragic plane crash in 1959 and the departure of Elvis for the army as causes. By the end of the decade, teen idols like Bobby Darin, Ricky Nelson, Frankie Avalon, Paul Anka, Neil Sedaka, Bobby Rydell, Connie Francis, and Fabian Forte were topping the charts. Hosted by Dick Clark, the program helped to popularize the more clean-cut, All-American brand of rock and roll. In 1957, a popular television show featuring rock and roll performers, American Bandstand, went national. Monument to Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and J. This film's use of Bill Haley and His Comets' " (We're Gonna) Rock Around the Clock" during the opening credits caused a national sensation when teenagers started dancing in the aisles. The Rock and Roll Era is generally dated from the 25 March 1955 premiere of the motion picture The Blackboard Jungle. Rock and roll forerunners in the popular music field included Johnnie Ray, The Crew-Cuts, The Fontane Sisters, and Les Paul and Mary Ford. A decade earlier, Sister Rosetta Tharpe fused gospel and blues, inventing rock 'n roll electric guitar by developing sophisticated phrasing and licks that served as the basis for the iconic rock guitar style of the 1950s and beyond.Īrtists such as Elvis Presley, Chuck Berry, Bill Haley and His Comets, Bo Diddley, Fats Domino, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis, Big Joe Turner, and Gene Vincent released the initial rhythm and blues–influenced early rock and roll hits. Chuck Berry, who is considered to be one of the pioneers of Rock and roll music, refined and developed the major elements that made rock and roll distinctive, focusing on teen life and introducing guitar solos and showmanship that would be a major influence on subsequent rock music. Paul's hit records like " How High the Moon", and " The World Is Waiting for the Sunrise", helped lead to the development of a specifically rock and roll style of playing of such complicated exponents as Chuck Berry, Link Wray, and Scotty Moore. The 1950s saw the growth in popularity of the big boom electric guitar (developed and popularized by Les Paul). In 1951, Cleveland, Ohio disc jockey Alan Freed began playing rhythm and blues music for a multi-racial audience, and is credited with first using the phrase "rock and roll" to describe the music. Its immediate origins lay in a mixing together of various black musical genres of the time, including rhythm and blues and gospel music, with country and western and pop. Rock and roll dominated popular music in the mid and late 1950s, and quickly spread to much of the rest of the world. Sociologyįor music from a year in the 1950s, go to 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 Popular musicĬonnie Francis-called the "First Lady of Rock & Roll" ( December 2013) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) You may improve this article, discuss the issue on the talk page, or create a new article, as appropriate. The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with the United States and Europe and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject.
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